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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Growth performance of bonylip barb Osteochilus vittatus (Valenciennes, 1842) fed on combination of Lemna (Lemna perpussila Torr) and commercial diet
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Abstract
Bonylip barb (Osteochilus vittatus Valenciennes, 1842) is a native fish of Indonesia's inland waters which has become a cultivated fish commodity. However, production tends to decrease due to high feed costs. The alternative feed types need to be found to anticipate the problem. Lemna perpusilla Torr is one of macrophytes plant which potentially used as an alternative feed due to high protein content. This study aims to evaluate the growth performance of fish fed with a combination of Lemna and commercial feed. As much of each 14 fishes were rearing in a 45x45x40 cm3 aquarium and fed for 84 days or 12 weeks. There are 5 combinations of feed, i.e feed A (100% commercial feed), B (75% commercial feed + 25% Lemna), C (50% commercial feed + 50% Lemna), D (25% commercial feed + 75% Lemna), and E (100% Lemna). The fishes were fed by commercial feed as much as 3% of the total fish, while administering Lemna at 30% of body weight. Growth performances were measured i.e standard and total length, absolute growth, specific growth rate and survival rate. The results showed that fish was able to growth using combination of commercial feed and Lemna. Data analysis was conducted descriptively that showed that fish fed by feed C (50% commercial feed + 50% Lemna) produced the highest length and weight, absolute growth and specific growth rate compared to other treatments. The highest survival rate was at fish fed by feed E (100% Lemna). The use of Lemna as an alternative feed is expected to reduce dependence on commercial feed.
Abstrak
Ikan nilem (Osteochilus vittatus Valenciennes, 1842) merupakan ikan budidaya yang produksinya cenderung menurun akibat biaya pakan yang tinggi. Untuk mengantisipasi hal tersebut, maka perlu dicari jenis pakan alternatif. Lemna perpussila Torr merupakan salah satu jenis tumbuhan makrofita berpotensi sebagai pakan alternatif karena memiliki kandungan protein yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi performa pertumbuhan ikan nilem yang diberi pakan berupa kombinasi Lemna dan pakan komersial. Masing-masing 14 ekor ikan nilem dipelihara dalam akuarium berukuran 45x45x40 cm3 selama 84 hari atau 12 pekan. Pakan yang diberikan berupa kombinasi pakan komersial dengan tumbuhan Lemna segar yang terdiri atas pakan A (100% pakan komersial), B (75% pakan komersial + 25% Lemna), C (50% pakan komersial + 50% Lemna), D (25% pakan komersial + 75% Lemna), dan E (100% Lemna). Pakan yang diberikan tiap hari terdiri atas pakan komersial sebanyak 3% dari berat total ikan, dan pakan Lemna sebanyak 30% dari berat ikan tiap akuarium. Kinerja pertumbuhan diamati melalui parameter panjang total, panjang baku, berat akhir, pertumbuhan mutlak, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, dan sintasan (survival rate). Hasil penelitian yang dianalisis secara deskriptif menunjukkan ikan nilem pada perlakuan C menghasilkan pertumbuhan panjang total dan berat, pertumbuhan mutlak dan pertumbuhan spesifik yang paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Sementara sintasan tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan dengan pemberian pakan E (100% Lemna). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ikan nilem mampu tumbuh dan bertahan hidup dengan mengkonsumsi tumbuhan Lemna. Penggunaan Lemna sebagai pakan alternatif diharapkan dapat menurunkan ketergantungan pada pakan komersial.
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