OPEN ACCESS
PEER-REVIEWED |
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Perkembangan enzim pencernaan dan pertumbuhan larva ikan lele dumbo, Clarias gariepinus Burchell 1822, yang diberi kombinasi cacing sutra dan pakan buatan
Article Sidebar
How to Cite
The article can trace at:
Main Article Content
Abstract
The main problems that were encountered in the larval rearing of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is the availability of live feed such as silk worms that are limited to the initial stadia, so that needs to be combined with artificial diet. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the giving of appropriate combination and artificial diet the development digestive enzymes and growth of African catfish larvae. The experimental design was arranged in completely randomized design with three replications. The treatment included a combination of and artificial diet with giving of PA (100%), giving of PA75+PB25 (75% and artificial diet 25%), giving of PA50+PB50 (50% and artificial diet 50%), giving of PA25+PB75 (25% and artificial diet 75%), and giving of PB (artificial diet 100%). Result of the experiment showed that feeding with a combination of 50% silk worms and 50% artificial diet influence on the development of the digestive system and the activity of digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase and protease) as well as produces specific growth rates of 23.56±1.08% /day and growth of absolute length of 8.43±0.75 cm. Higher survival rate was achieved by treatment giving PA of 89.61±4.35%.
Abstrak
Masalah utama yang dihadapi pada pembenihan ikan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus) adalah ketersediaan pakan alami berupa cacing sutra yang sering kali terbatas ketika dibutuhkan untuk pemeliharan larva ikan lele pada stadia awal, se-hingga perlu dikombinasikan dengan pakan buatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pemberian kombinasi cacing sutra dan pakan buatan terhadap perkembangan enzim pencernaan dan pertumbuhan larva ikan lele dumbo. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga ulang-an. Perlakuan meliputi kombinasi pakan buatan dan cacing sutra dengan perlakuan pemberian PA (cacing sutra 100%), pemberian PA75+PB25 (cacing sutra 75% dan pakan buatan 25%), pemberian PA50+PB50 (cacing sutra 50% dan pakan buatan 50%), pemberian PA25+PB75 (cacing sutra 25% dan pakan buatan 75%) dan pemberian PB (pakan buatan 100%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pakan dengan kombinasi cacing sutra 50% dan pakan buatan 50% berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan sistem pencernaan dan aktivitas enzim pencernaan (amilase, lipase dan protease) serta menghasilkan laju pertumbuhan spesifik 23,56±1,08%/hari dan pertumbuhan panjang 8,43±0,75 cm. Ke-langsungan hidup tertinggi ditunjukkan pada perlakuan pemberian PA sebesar 89,61±4,35%.
Downloads article
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2014 Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia |
|
|
References
Abed FH, Salama M, Dahhar AA. 2013. Effect of dietary proc tein and metabolizable energy levels on growth and feed utilization of Sea Bass (Decentrarshus laborax) larvae. Journal of the Arabian Aquaculture Society, 8(1): 1-18.
Angka SL, Mokoginta I, Hamid H. 1990. Anatomi dan histologi banding beberapa ikan air tawar yang dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. Direktorat Jendral Pendidikan Tinggi. Institut Pertanian Bogor. 212 hlm.
Arief M, Triasih I, Lokapirnasari WP. 2009. Pengaruh pemberian pakan alami dan pakan buatan terhadap pertumbuhan benih ikan betutu (Oxyeleostris marmorata Bleeker). Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, 1(1):51-57.
Bergmeyer HU, Grossl M and Walter HE. 1983. Reagent for enzymatic analysis. In : Bergmeyer HU (Ed.). Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, 3rd Edition, Volume II. Verlag Che-mie, Weinheim. pp. 274-275.
Borlongan LG. 1990. Studies on the digestive lipases of milkfish, Chanos chanos. Aquaculture, 89:315-325.
Cara JB, Moyano FJ, Cardenas S, Diaz CF, Yuferas M. 2003. Assessment of digestive enzyme activities during larval development of white bream. Journal of Fish Biology, 63(1):48-58.
Effendie. 1997. Metode biologi perikanan. Yayasan Dewi Sri, Bogor. 112 hlm.
Erdogan F, Erdogan M and Gumus E. 2012. Effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth performances of two african cichlids
(Pseudotropheus socolofi and Haplochromis ahli). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 12(3):635-640.
Farhat, Khan MA. 2011. Growth, feed conversion, and nutrient retention efficiency of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Bur-chell) fingerling fed diets with varying levels of protein. Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 23(4):304-316.
Fauji H. 2014. Pemberian kombinasi pakan buatan dan cacing sutera terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup pada benih ikan lele Clarias sp. umur 4 hari. Skripsi. Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan IPB, Bogor. 24 hlm.
Faulk CK, Benninghoff AD, Holt GJ. 2007. Ontogeny of the gastrointestinal tract and selected digestive enzymes in cobia Rachycentron canadum (L.). Journal of Fish Biology, 70(2):567-583
Farhoudi A, Abedian KAM, Nazari RM and Makhdoomi C. 2013. Changes of digestive enzymes activity in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) during larval ontogeny. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 12(2):320-334.
Fitriliyani I. 2011. Aktifitas enzim saluran pen-cernaan ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) dengan pakan mengandung tepung daun lamtoro (Leucaena leucophala) terhidrolisis dan tanpa hidrolisis dengan ekstrak enzim cairan rumen domba. Bioscientiae, 8(2): 1631.
Golchinfar F, Zamani A, Hajimoradloo A, Madani R. 2011. Assessment of digestive enzymes activity during the fry development of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss: from hatching to primary stages after yolk sac absorption. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 10(3): 403-414.
Infante ZJL, Cahu CL. 2007. Dietary modulation of some digestive enzymes and Metabolic processes in developing marine fish: Applications to diet formulation. Aquaculture, 268(1-4):98-105.
Melianawati R, Andamari R, Setyadi I. 2010. Identifikasi profil aktivitas enzim pencerna-an untuk optimasi pemanfaatan pakan dalam usaha budidaya ikan kerapu bebek (Chromileptes altivelis). Laporan akhir. Program Insentif Peningkatan Kemampuan Peneliti dan Perekayasa Dewan Riset Nasional Kementerian Negara Riset dan Teknologi. 28 hlm.
Melianawati R, Pratiwi R. 2011. Pola aktivitas enzim pencernaan larva ikan kerapu macan (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus Forsskal, 1775). Jurnal Riset Akuakultur, 6(1):51-61.
Rangsin W, Areechon N, Yoonpundh R. 2012. Digestive enzyme activities during larval development of striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878). Kasetsart Journal Natural Science, 46(2):217-228.
Ribeiro L, Couto A, Olmedo M, Blazquez BA, Linares F, Valente LMP. 2008. Digestive enzyme activity at different developmental stages of blackspot seabream, Pagellus bogaraveo (Brunnich 1768). Aquaculture Research, 39(4):339-346.
Salhi M, Bessonart M. 2013. Growth, survival and fatty acid composition of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy and Gaimard, 1824) larvae fed on artificial diet alone or in combination with Artemia nauplii. Aquaculture Research, 44(1):41-49.
Souto CN, Lemos MVA, Martins GP, Araujo JG, Lopes KLAM, Guimaraes IG. 2013. Protein to energy ratios in goldfish (Carassius auratus) diets. Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, 37(6):550-558.
Srichanun M, Tantikitti C, Vatanakul V, Musi-karune P. 2012. Digestive enzyme activity during ontogenetic development and effect of live feed in green catfish larvae (Mystus nemurus C.V.). Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 34(3): 247-254.
Suharyadi. 2012. Studi penumbuhan dan reproduksi cacing sutra (Tubifex sp.) dengan pupuk yang berbeda dalam sistem resirkulasi. Tesis. Universitas Terbuka, Jakarta. 100 hlm.
Suryanti S. 2002. Perkembangan aktivitas enzim pencernaan dan hubungannya dengan ke-mampuan pemanfaatan pakan buatan pada larva/benih ikan baung, Mystus nemurus C.V. Tesis. Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Ke-lautan Institut Pertanian Bogor. 57 hlm.
Suzer C, Firat K, Saka S. 2006. Ontogenic development of the digestive enzymes in common pandora, Pagellus erythrinus, L. larvae. Aquaculture Research, 37(15):1565-1571.
Suzer C, Kamaci HO, Coban D, Saka S, Firat K, Ozkara B, Ozkara A. 2007. Digestive enzyme activity of the red porgy (Pagrus pagrus, L.) during larval development under culture conditions. Aquaculture Research, 38(16): 1778-1785.
Tameemi RA, Abdubaikul A, Salman NA. 2010. Comparative study of a-amylase activity in three cyprinid species of different feeding habits from Southern Iraq. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 10(3): 411-414.
Worthington V. 1993. Worthington Enzyme Manual. Enzymes and Related Biochemicals Worthington Chemical, New Jersey, USA. 399 p.
Yulintine, Harris E, Jusadi D, Affandi R, Alimuddin. 2012. Perkembangan aktivitas enzim pada saluran pencernaan larva ikan betok (Anabas testudineus bloch). Jurnal Ilmu Hayati dan Fisik 14 (1):59-67.
Zonneveld N, Huisman EA, Boon JH. 1991. Prinsip-prinsip budidaya ikan. Pustaka Utama Gramedia, Jakarta. 318 hlm.