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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Reproductive Biology of the Goby Sicyopterus longifilis from the Matama River, West Sulawesi, Indonesia
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Abstract
Sustainable fisheries management depends heavily on the reproductive biology of amphidromous fishes, yet little is known about the reproductive traits of Sicyopterus longifilis. In this study, we determined gonad development stages in S. longifilis from the Matama River in West Sulawesi, Indonesia, macroscopically, following Effendie (1979), and calculated GMI from gonad weight and total body weight. From July to December 2023, we sampled fish monthly using an electric shocker. We measured egg diameter with an ocular micrometer under a compound microscope, evaluated fecundity using the gravimetric method, determined gonad development stages macroscopically according to Effendie (1979), and computed GSI from gonad and body weight. A total of 758 specimens, comprising 281 male and 477 females, were examined. Throughout the investigation, we found five gonad maturity stages (I-V), indicating ongoing reproductive growth. The peak reproductive activity occurred in July, and female GMI increased with gonadal development, reaching its highest value at GMS IV. Egg diameter varied from 0.20 to 0.44 mm, and fecundity varied from 43 to 7,887 eggs, with an average of 1,702 ± 2,551 eggs. S. longifilis appears to have a complete spawning strategy based on the unimodal distribution of egg diameter. The relationships between fecundity and total length, body weight, and gonad weight were relatively weak, indicating that reproductive output is influenced not only by fish size but also by environmental conditions and physiological status. These findings provide the first comprehensive information on the reproductive biology of S. longifilis in the Matama River and contribute essential baseline data for the conservation and sustainable management of amphidromous goby populations in West Sulawesi.
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