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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Pemaskulinan belut (Monopterus albus Zuiew 1793) dengan induksi penghambat aromatase untuk penyediaan calon induk jantan
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Abstract
Aromatase is an enzyme that functions to change testosterone in the biosynthesis of estrogen. Inhibition of aromatase can stop the synthesis of estradiole in masculinization of fish. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of aromatase inhibitors by injection for masculinization of Asian swamp eel (Monopterus albus Zuiew 1793). The samples of swamp eel consisted of individuals with 24±2 cm length and 6-14 grams/individual weight. The treatments of aromatase inhibitor using imidazole were conducted by injection at doses of 0.001; 0.01; 0.1 mg kg-1 once time a week for four times and the gonad were observed using histology method. The results showed that the injection of imidazole 0.1 mg kg-1 week produced 40% males, while at the less doses were 50-85.72% intersexes, whereas in control was 100% females. The concentration of plasma testosterone inclined when the doses of imidazole increased. The highest concentration of testosterone reached to 1.8 ng mL-1 at dose of aromatase inhibitor 0.1 mg kg-1 or increased three times compared with the control. These results indicated that aromatase inhibitor suppressed the aromatase gene expression that leads the decline of estradiol and increased testosterone.
Abstrak
Aromatase adalah enzim yang berperan mengubah testosteron dalam proses biosintesis hormon estrogen. Penghambat-an aromatase dapat menghentikan pembentukan estradiol pada pemaskulinan ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meng-evaluasi pengaruh pemberian hormon penghambat aromatase melalui penyuntikan untuk pemaskulinan belut (Monopterus albus Zuiew 1793). Belut yang digunakan berukuran 24±2 cm dengan berat 6-14 g diberi perlakuan penyuntikan hormon penghambat aromatase yaitu imidazole dengan dosis 0,001; 0,01; 0,1 mg kg-1 bobot tubuh sekali tiap minggu sebanyak empat kali dan diamati gonadnya setiap dua minggu secara histologi serta dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan hormon imidazole 0,1 mg kg-1 bobot tubuh menghasilkan 40% individu jantan pada minggu ke-6, sedangkan pada dosis yang lebih rendah menghasilkan 50-85,72% individu interseks, dan pada kontrol 100% betina. Konsentrasi testosteron plasma meningkat sejalan dengan peningkatan dosis imidazol. Konsentra-si testosteron plasma yang tertinggi mencapai 1,8 ng mL-1 pada perlakuan 0,1 mg kg-1 bobot tubuh atau meningkat tiga kali lipat dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa hormon penghambat aromatase menyebabkan ekspresi gen aromatase tertekan sehingga konsentrasi estradiol plasma menurun dan konsentrasi testosteron meningkat.
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